Overview
San Marino is a small, landlocked country located in the central region of the Italian Peninsula. It is the third smallest country in Europe, following Vatican City and Monaco. Officially recognized as an independent state in 1631 through Papal approval, San Marino maintained its sovereignty after receiving recognition at the 1815 Congress of Vienna.
Geography and Location
This microstate is situated in southern Europe, surrounded entirely by Italy. The country is positioned on the northeastern slopes of Mount Titano, near the Adriatic Sea, about 10 km west of the Italian port city of Rimini. San Marino’s land area is only 61 square kilometers, and it has no coastline. The coordinates of the country are approximately 43°46' N latitude and 12°25' E longitude.
Demographics and Economy
As of 2018, the population of San Marino stands at around 33,785 people, with a population density of 531 individuals per square kilometer. The residents are predominantly San Marino nationals and Italians, with Italian serving as the official language. The average life expectancy is about 81.88 years. San Marino’s economy is largely driven by tourism, which accounts for roughly 60% of its national revenue. The country also has a customs union agreement with Italy, simplifying trade between the two nations. In 2017, the country's GDP per capita, adjusted for purchasing power parity, was $60,651.
Government and Politics
San Marino is officially known as the ‘Most Serene Republic of San Marino’. It is the world’s oldest surviving republic, with its origins tracing back to 301 CE. Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the Dalmatia region (modern-day Croatia), is said to have founded the state after fleeing persecution by the Roman Empire. Today, the country operates as a parliamentary democracy, where two Captains Regent are elected every six months by the legislature, called the Grand and General Council. These Captains share the role of head of state and government. San Marino joined the United Nations in 1992.
Key Cities and Religion
The capital city is also named San Marino and is located on Mount Titano. The country is divided into nine municipalities, called castelli, each with its own local governance. Over 97% of the population adheres to Roman Catholicism, although religious freedom is guaranteed.
Additional Information
San Marino uses the euro (EUR) as its currency and its international dialing code is +378. The country’s ISO code is SMR, and the official website for the state is www.sanmarinosite.com.
0 Comments